Beginning 8 January 2025, the United Kingdom (UK) will require a new Electronic Travel Authorization (ETA) for visa-exempt visitors from non-European countries.
It applies to travelers from the United States (US), Canada, Australia, Japan, and other visa-free nations.
The new travel rule requires non-visa visitors to apply and pay for an ETA before visiting the UK.
An ETA is a digital travel permit that allows short visits of up to six months for tourism, permitted business activities, or short-term study.
It is also mandatory for non-visa transit travelers and those coming to the UK under the Creative Worker visa concession.
ETA applications for visa-exempt non-European visitors have been open since 27 November 2024.
European travelers will also need an ETA starting 2 April 2025, with applications opening on 5 March 2025.
Why the UK is expanding the ETA scheme
The UK ETA aims to enhance border security while making entry procedures more efficient.
It is part of the UK’s efforts to modernize border controls and pre-screen travelers before they arrive.
Requiring non-visa visitors to apply for travel authorization in advance allows the government to pre-screen travelers.
It allows the government to identify potential security threats before they arrive on UK soil.
With the ETA scheme, the UK aims to strengthen its security measures and ensure that all entrants meet immigration requirements.
Before this, the ETA only applied to citizens of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
Seema Malhotra, the UK’s Minister for Migration and Citizenship, underlined the importance of expanding the scheme.
“This expansion of ETA is a significant step forward in delivering a border that’s efficient and fit for the digital age,” she said via a news release.
Malhotra added, “Through light-touch screening before people step foot in the UK, we will keep our country safe while ensuring visitors have a smooth travel experience.”
The ETA aligns with global trends in border management, similar to the US Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA) and Canada’s eTA.
These systems have proven effective in streamlining travel and reducing border delays, which the UK hopes to replicate.
How to apply for a UK ETA
The UK ETA application process is straightforward and entirely online via the UK Government website or the UK ETA mobile app.
Non-visa travelers will need the following:
- A valid passport: All travelers must have a valid passport for the entire UK visit.
- A recent photograph: A clear, hi-resolution digital image similar to passport photos.
- A working email address: The Home Office will send updates and the ETA confirmation to applicants’ email.
- A working online payment option: The ETA fee is £10 per application and can be paid online via credit or debit card, Apple Pay, or Google Pay.
Travelers must only provide personal and passport details, answer security questions, and pay for the ETA application online.
Most ETA applications are processed within three working days. However, some applications could take longer.
For this reason, travelers are strongly advised to apply for their ETA well before their planned trips to avoid unexpected delays.
Once issued, the ETA is automatically electronically linked to the individual’s passport.
It is valid for two years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first, allowing multiple trips to the UK of up to six months each.
Infants and children must also have an ETA when visiting the UK. Parents and guardians can apply for an ETA on their behalf.
Carriers, including airlines, ferries, and trains, must verify passengers’ travel documents before departure.
Anyone without a valid ETA or visa will be denied boarding by carriers or refused entry at the UK border.
To prevent complications, travelers should ensure that their ETA is approved and linked to the same passport they will use for travel.
Who does not need an ETA to travel to the UK
Certain groups of UK-bound travelers do not need to obtain an ETA. These are the following:
- British passport holders
- British Overseas Territory citizens passport holders
- Irish passport holders. Citizens of the Republic of Ireland retain their right to freedom of travel under the Common Travel Area (CTA) agreement.
- Non-Irish citizens who are legal residents of Ireland, if they do not need a visa to visit the UK and are traveling via the CTA.
- UK residents and visa holders: Non-British citizens and foreign nationals with valid permission to visit, live, work, or study in the UK. This includes those granted status under the European Union Settlement Scheme (EUSS).
Some transit passengers passing through the UK without going through immigration may not require an ETA, depending on their specific travel arrangements.
Travelers can check the list of countries whose citizens need an ETA here or on the UK Government website.
Impact on travelers and tourism
While the ETA adds a new step to travel preparations, its low cost and ease of application are designed to minimize inconvenience.
For many, it’s seen as a practical way to enhance security while keeping the UK accessible to millions of visitors annually.
Travel agencies and airlines have been ramping up efforts to educate customers about the new requirement.
However, some experts have voiced concerns about initial confusion, particularly during the system’s rollout and its impact on the UK economy.
Heathrow Airport is worried it may drive transit travelers to other airports that don’t impose this requirement.
Businesses dependent on tourism have also raised concerns that it could lead to job losses in the industry.
The government has pledged to provide clear communication and support to help travelers adapt.
Travelers are also urged to keep themselves updated on the new travel document requirements before booking their trip.
By preparing in advance, travelers can avoid last-minute issues and focus on enjoying their trip to the UK.
The UK ETA is a new requirement for millions of travelers. Still, its simplicity and affordability aim to make compliance straightforward.